Development and production of veterinary antibiotics
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A comparative analysis of Dorynum and a number of drugs used for dogs and cats, a description of some of the mechanisms of its work and the results of studying the spectrum of its sensitivity to pathogens.

I. A wide spectrum of Dorynum covers 1) both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, 2) a no less wide spectrum of doxycycline is added to the wide spectrum of rifampicin (see table). 2. Affects some viruses (see table.).  
Spectrum of microbial sensitivity to Dorynum components, min concentration in the blood μg/ml

Spectrum of microbial sensitivity to Dorynum components



min concentration in the blood μg/ml

microbes
Rifampicin
Doxycycline
microbes
Rifampicin
Doxycycline
Staphilococcus aureus
+++
++
Klebsiella pneumoniae
++
++
S. pyogenes
+++
++
Salmonella typhi
++
++
S. Pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
+++
++
Enterobscter aerogenes
+
++
Brucella spp
+++
++
Listeria spp
+
++
Rickettsia spp
+++
+++
Shigella spp
+
++
Mycoplasma spp.
+++
+++
Yersinia spp
+
++
Chlamydia spp.
+++
+++
Bordetella pertussis
+
++
Streptococcus faecalis
+++
++
Pasteurella spp
+
++
Neisseria gonogghea
+++
++
Bacteroides spp.
+
++
Haemophilus influenzae
++
+++
Micobacterium tuberculosis
++
-
Legionella pneumophila
+++
++
Proteus vulgaris
++
-
Bacillus anthracis
++
++
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
++
-
Clostridium spp.
++
++
Serratia spp
+
-
Treponema spp.
+
+++
Bacteroides fragilis
+
-
Esherichia coli
++
++
Rabies virus
++
-
gram+
+++
Synergism


++
High sensitivity
gram -
+++
Very high sensitivity
+
Selective sensitivity




-
resistance
The antibiotic penetrates into the cells of the body, suppressing intracellular parasitic infections. This is especially important in mycoplasmosis, chlamydia and some viral diseases.

Dorynum inhibits the development of rabies virus and is used for treatment in the incubation stage of the disease.

It is also recommended to include Dorynum in the combined treatment of other viral infections, such as carnivore plague, parvovirus enteritis, etc., because these infections are usually associated and complicated by secondary bacterial infections. 
II. Sensitivity. High sensitivity to rifampicin is substantiated by the scientific research of N.S. Egorov "Fundamentals of the doctrine of antibiotics" p. 318. The minimum concentration of rifampicin in the blood, μg/l, for reference pathogens: Staphilococcus aureus - 0.02; S. Pyogenes - 0.2; S. Pneumoniae (pneumococcus) - 0.1; Streptococcus faecalis - 0.1; Neisseria gonogghea - 0.2. The concentration of rifampicin after Dorynum injection reaches 3.8 μg/l in the second hour after administration.

III. Targeted treatment. Doxycycline as part of Dorynum has proven antitumor properties, accumulates in inflamed areas and inhibits tumors even of non-infectious origin. Thus, Dorynum tends to accumulate in the focus of inflammation. (there are confirmatory studies in the United States, on the inhibition of cancer by doxycycline in mice).

IV. Slowing addiction to Dorynum due to the combined effect, manifested in the blocking of cellular subunits (resistance plasmid). The most common genetic basis for resistance is the presence in bacteria of the drug resistance factors - the plasmids. Plasmids are elements of a bacterial cell that are involved in the transfer of antibiotic resistance. The most promising and realistic method that limits the appearance and accumulation of resistant bacteria in animals is to increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy through the use of combinations of antimicrobial agents. In the case of Dorynum, its component Doxycycline, by interfering with the synthesis of proteins when acting on the ribosome, reduces the production of such plasmids by the cell. Thus, providing the long-term preservation of bacteria sensitivity to Dorynum.

V. High tolerability of Dorynum in cats when administered in recommended doses.

VI. Comparison with other antibiotics.

1. Amoxicillin:
  • in streptococci, it is quickly blocked by beta-lactamase of microbes and loses its effectiveness;
  • requires a long course of treatment (at least 10 days);
  • a combination with clavulanic acid is required, which increases the cost of treatment tenfold.

2. Neoprene (by neomycin) shows a much narrower spectrum (see graph).

3. Oxytetracycline as the main active ingredient in the drug. As shown by studies on sensitivity to some major pathogens, Dorynum looks clearly more effective (see chart).

Sensitivity studies on some of the most common pathogens of a number of well-known drugs were conducted in comparison with the Dorynum, in various dog kennels within the period of 2003-2004. The presented data (shown below on the graph) proves the overwhelming advantages of Dorynum in relation to all identified pathogens, regardless of their place of generation:

a) for Staphylococcus aureus, Dorynum's activity is 75% higher than that of oxytetracycline and ampicillin, and 50% higher than that of neomycin;
b) for Staphylococcus epidermidis, Dorynum's activity is 45% higher than that of oxytetracycline; 60% than that of ampicillin and 33% than that of neomycin;
c) for Streptococcus pyogenes - 47% higher than that of oxytetracycline, and 57% higher than of ampicillin;
d) for Clostridium perfringens - 92% higher than that of oxytetracycline, and 39% higher than of ampicillin;
e) for Escherichia coli, Dorynum’s activity is 70% and 42% higher than that of oxytetracycline and ampicillin, respectively. 
Study of the sensitivity and mechanisms of Dorynum's influence on microorganisms.
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